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Sidebar: Problems with the Big Bang theory
There are quite a number of problems with the Big Bang theory - any one
of which without a feasible solution - is enough to falsify the theory. Search
for "Big bang problems" and you'll find lists with item counts ranging
from 3 to 30. Here, as a quick reference, is a list of 10 (more or less) well known,
and insurmountable problems with the big bang theory.
1. The Smoothness Problem
2. The Flatness Problem
3. The Horizon Problem
4. The Monopole Problem
5. The Origin of the Laws of
Physics
6. The Higgs Boson Contradiction
7. The Singularity Contradiction
8. Missing Items
9. Age Problems
10. The ad hoc, made-up solution
"Cosmic Inflation"
1. The Smoothness problem
According to the big bang, in order for anything to form, you need
sufficient gravity to pull things together to start form the first clump
of mass, that
will eventually form stars, that can eventually make planets and other
things. But at it's origin, the universe is too smooth - all forces
cancel out so nothing can be pulled together to form the first clump.
2. The Flatness problem
Scientists have determined that the universe is flat. It could curve
inwards or outwards, but it doesn't. It is very conveniently very flat.
Why is that? Another fine tuning problem. Cosmologist Dr. John Hartnett
puts this into perspective. According to the big bang model:
"...the force of the explosion matched the force of gravity to
one part in 1060. To put this in perspective, there are
about 1080 protons in the visible universe, so 1020
protons, about one grain of sand, would have unbalanced the Big
Bang, causing it either to recollapse into a black hole, or to
expand so fast as to never form stars and galaxies. One
grain of sand more, one grain less and we would not be here."[1]
3. The Horizon Problem
The temperature of the universe is very uniform. Depending on who you
listen to the temperature of the universe varies by only 1/50,000 to
1/100,000 of a degree. This is unexpected from the initial big bang
explosion - explosions don't distribute things that evenly. The only way
the universe could achieve such a uniform temperature is if the various
elements mixed together - essentially if they were touching. But
scientists calculate the speed of the explosion of the big bang was so
great, they could not have touched during the explosion. And the
universe is so big, there has not been enough time for light to travel
from one end of the universe (or from one horizon to the other) to the other to smooth things out. (More on
the
horizon problem here). The supposed solution - inflation -
more on that below.
4. The Monopole Problem
Dr. Hartnett explains:
"...magnetic monopoles were supposed to be produced in the early big
bang, but have not been found. During the early big bang, when enormous
energies were supposedly available the magnetic force was not yet
combined with the electric force, and so just as we now have separate
negatively and positively charged particles (electrons and protons,
respectively) at that time there would have been separate "north" and
"south" magnetic monopoles, but no one has ever found a magnetic
monopole.[2]
5. The Origin of the Laws of physics
Two aspects:
a) Why are there any laws at all? Where did they come
from? Why are they understandable? Why are they quantifiable with
mathematics?
b) Why are the laws finely tuned? British cosmologist and astronomer
royal Martin Rees describes six of the many finely tuned attributes of the universe:
"This book describes six numbers that now seem especially
significant. Two fo them relate to the basic forces; two fix the
size and overall 'texture' of our universe and determine whether it
will continue for ever; and two more fix the properties of space
itself"[3]
The idea of a "multiverse" that is supposed to explain the fine tuning
of the laws of physics and is
another problematic ad hoc invention. (More on
why you shouldn't believe in a
multiverse
here.)
6. The Higgs Boson Contradiction
The Higgs Boson is what gives mass to matter and thus makes life
possible. Even before the discovery of the particle predicted by Peter
Higgs, the Big Bang theory as proposed was recognized as irrevocably
broken. To fix it Alan Guth proposed, and big bang adherents accepted,
the theory of cosmic inflation. It is now a necessary part of the
theory. But with the recent discovery of the Higgs Boson, scientists
have discovered that the Higgs and inflation are incompatible. In other
words if the Higgs boson exists, inflation can't exist. If inflation
can't exist the big bang would have collapsed in on itself, and we
wouldn't be here. (Do you exist? If so then inflation can't exist.) A bit
of the problem for the big bang. For more on this contradiction see:
Testimony of the Higgs Boson
7. The Singularity Contradiction
The big bang supposedly exploded all the mass and energy that will every
exist out of nothing - and event which they call a "singularity."
But if nothing exists, how can anything come into existence? From nothing
comes nothing. Thus the big bang breaks the law of conservation of
energy (aka the first law of thermodynamics) - energy can be neither
created nor destroyed in a closed system.
To get around this problem of breaking the law of conservation of energy
scientists engage in a logical fallacy - they equivocate on the word "nothing."
Scientists say nothing existed prior to the singularity, but don't
really mean nothing, they really mean "something". For more see
Exposing the Big Magic behind the Big Bang
8. Missing Items
There are two types here - items that should exist, but can't be found,
and an item that does exist, but not in the correct proportion. First up
- items that should exist but can't be found:
a) Missing Made up entities needed to make the theory work:
- Dark Matter - Needed to explain distant galaxy rotational curves and allow
stars and large structures to form
- Dark Energy to explain the supposed rapidly accelerating expansion of the universe
(which is based on an interpretation of Doppler red shift).
- A Host of "dark" entities to make 'dark' interactions work - dark:
fluid, flow, radiation, photons. For more see:
"Dark
Photons: Another Cosmic Fudge Factor"[4]
b) An Item Missing in the correct Proportion:
- Anti matter
Equal amounts of matter and anti-matter should have been created in the
big bang. Since matter and anti-matter annihilate each other on contact,
lucky for us the overwhelmingly predominant form is matter - without
equal parts of anti-matter. But that leaves the question for the big
bang - where is all the
anti-matter?
9. Age problems
The big bang predicts that as time goes on, stars form, then planets,
solar systems and galaxies. Big Bang adherents believe that in looking
at distant galaxies and stars you're looking back in time because of the
time it would have taken for light to travel the billions of light-years
to get here. Thus the older the galaxy, the younger it should look. But
that's not what we find:
- Distant Galaxies that should look young. in fact look mature,
fully formed. But in theory, they haven't had the time to develop
into mature galaxies.
- Furthermore the ages of globular clusters appear older than the universe.
This is a problem akin to a child being older than its parents. How is
this possible?
10. The ad hoc, made-up solution "Cosmic Inflation"
I've saved the biggest problem for last. Cosmic Inflation is intended to
solve many of the problems listed above such as the Horizon
problem, and the monopole problem. But it has a number of problems of
its own:
- How and why did it start?
- How and why did it stop?
- How did it manage to break the known laws of physics? (Reversing
gravity, accelerating things faster than the speed of light through a
supposed expansion of space?)
- The supposed particle that drives it - an "inflaton" - has never been
found.
- As mentioned above - inflation is incompatible with the Higgs Boson.
Since we know the Higgs exists, how did inflation happen as they claim,
since if it did, we shouldn't be here?
For an explanation of inflation by the one who dreamed it up, Alan Guth,
see here
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